The Trusted Platform Module (TPM) is a specialized hardware chip that provides security functions related to cryptographic protection. This chip is primarily used to secure the integrity of computer systems by generating and securely storing cryptographic keys, and it is designed to protect devices against tampering and unauthorized access.

Key functions of TPM:
  1. Secure storage of cryptographic keys: TPM allows for the generation and secure storage of private and public keys used to encrypt data and authenticate users or systems.
  2. Cryptographic key generation: The module can generate cryptographic keys directly within the chip, ensuring they never leave the chip.
  3. Secure Boot: TPM verifies that the boot software has not been tampered with. If it detects any irregularity, it will prevent the system from starting.
  4. Integrity measurement: During boot, TPM measures critical system components (firmware, kernel) to ensure they have not been altered.
  5. Protection against unauthorized access: TPM uses advanced encryption algorithms to prevent unauthorized access to the data stored on the device.
Common uses of TPM:
  • Full disk encryption: Tools like BitLocker on Windows use TPM to encrypt the entire hard drive and ensure that only authorized users can access the data.
  • Device authentication: TPM can be used to secure device authentication in networks and systems, adding an extra layer of protection.
  • Malware protection: It helps detect and prevent the execution of malicious software during system boot.